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Cholera Epidemic: a ten-year battle in Haiti & the DR
Print

Tony Best

 

Cholera, the dreaded disease,  which has killed about 7,000 people in  Haiti alone is now considered so entrenched  there and next door in the Dominican  Republic that their governments believe it  would take at least a decade to eliminate  it.

          That’s why officials from both countries on the island of Hispaniola met the other day in Santo Domingo, the DR capital, to plan a joint 10 years health campaign designed to make the Caribbean nations cholera-free.

Rafael Schiffino, the Dominican  Republic’s Deputy Minister of Health, has  explained that they were working on a  project to wipe out the disease on  Hispaniola by 2022. He said a key  component of the strategy was substantial  investment in clean water facilities and  a sanitation system.

International experts believe cholera  was introduced into Haiti by United Nations  troops in 2010, shortly after the Creole-speaking  nation was struck by a devastating earthquake  that left 250,000 dead; tens of thousands  injured; 1.5 million homeless; and much  of the infrastructure in Port-au-Prince, the  capital in ruins. The disease has sickened  at least 400,000 people there and has  spread into the Spanish-speaking DR. The  water-borne disease entered the rivers and  streams in Haiti which serve as the  only sources of water for people who  live in many of remote villages, town  and other rural communities there.  The  disease caused about 350 deaths and 22,000  other cases in the Dominican Republic.

“It’s a big headache,” said Romain Gitenet, head of Doctors Without Border, the French humanitarian aid group working in Haiti. “Cholera has not limits.”

It was that dire warning,  the suffering of rural villagers and residents  of often inaccessible parts of Haiti and  a feeling of frustration that have propelled  the government in Port au Prince to  try to stem the cholera tide. Although  the epidemic has lost much of its  steam in the past year, it remains  a potent force since the initial outbreak.  Despite the efforts of foreign and domestic  national groups to reach people, the treatable  disease remains a hard fact of life  and death because of the difficulty in  reaching people with the medicines they  badly need. The hilly terrain, the lack  of paved roads and the fact that  millions of people reside in communities  that can only be reached by foot  or mules are combining to obstruct anti-cholera  campaigns. One such village, Boise Carre,  is located in the Lower Artibonite Valley  whose main water supply is the 199-mile  Artibonite River, which is the lone source  of drinking water for hundreds of thousands  of people. It was the River where  the epidemic began and quickly spread  to such towns as Osse’, Chenoit and  Perodin.

It is estimated that at  least half of Haiti’s 10 million people  live in rural communities and 40 per  cent of them have little or no access  to doctors nurses and other health care  professionals, not to mention sanitation or  potable water.

“Everything is so far away here, and that makes it hard to anticipate” the next area to fall victim to the disease, said Fabienne Lorcerie, a nurse who heads a cholera response team. She was speaking from Boise Carre. “All other medical missions I have been on, I could plan a little bit better.

“The hardest part is knowing there is an emergency and not being able to do anything today, and you have to come back another day,” she added.

The situation in Boise Carre  underscores the challenges health officials  are encountering as they work to treat  victims. One such hurdle is the fact  that the village is located hundreds of  feet in the mountain. Another is that  heavy rains make crossing the river impossible.  Thirdly, the nearest hospital and cholera  treatment center are five hours away by  foot.

As a villager explained it  to a news organization, “the situation  is very difficult for us. There are  times the river is impassable and you  are carrying a victim to get help.  You have to put the person down and  wait for the river to go down. By  the time you reach, the person has  already died in your hands.”

Tags: 10 year campaign, Cholera wipe-out 2022, Cholera wipe-out campaign, Cholera-free island nation, DR Health Minister, Haiti DR Cholera, Rafael Schiffino DR


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